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              <text>American Center for Design</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;esigners beyond Chicago and the Midwest, and its leadership began to include a mix of local and national board members. In 1989, as a result of this growth and enlarged geographic focus, STA changed its name to the American Center of Design (ACD). The organization continued to focus on design education and the elevation of public taste in graphic design, in addition to addressing the relationship of design and business through conferences, publications, seminars, and other programs. ACD was particularly concerned with new technologies, research, and ideas affecting the design profession. It explored these topics at its “100 Show,” a national curated design competition organized annually; through essays and criticism published in its design journals, including “Design Year in Review” and “People, Not Markets,” and in its “Quarterly Practice” newsletter; and at its “Annual Surfaces” conferences for professionals from the design and business sectors, the first of which was held in November of 1993. ACD also offered an annual conference every spring from 1991 to 1996 for students of design. These involved portfolio reviews and presentations by professionals in the field. ACD’s 1995 publication &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Interact&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt; included a CD-ROM with integrated content, demonstrating the organization’s interest in exploring new modes of interaction between print and digital design.  &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;ACD was recognized among &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;I.D&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;. (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;The International Design Magazine&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;)’s inaugural “I.D. Forty” issue in 1993. Its editors highlighted the organization’s commitment to “generating debate about the focus, values, and judgments instrumental to the future of good design” and described ACD as “a rare resource of information” for designers.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt; As ACD’s national visibility grew, it lost its local footing, membership among Chicago designers waned, and its financial future became tenuous. These difficulties were compounded as a growing number of new organizations and programs devoted to graphic design began to take hold in both business and design and as AIGA reestablished its regional chapters in cities like Chicago. ACD could not sustain itself in this environment and was liquidated by its board in April 2002. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;An ad-hoc group of former STA members based in Chicago continued to meet independently after the formation of the American Center for Design. This group committed themselves to securing Chicago’s graphic design history through conferences like &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Chicago by Design&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;, organized by Jack Weiss and George Thompson in 1999, which assessed the holdings of design archives in Chicago, including those at the University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago Historical Society (now the Chicago History Museum), the Newberry Library, and Northwestern University. STA formally organized as a new, separate organization in 1999 and continues its activities today. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;“American Center for Design’s ‘Interact’ CD-ROM.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;I.D&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;. 42, no. 4 (August 1, 1995): 91.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;American Center for Design Records, 1927–1944, Chicago History Museum Research Center.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Blauvelt, Andrew. “Calling for the New Imagists.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Eye&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt; 5, no. 17 (June 1, 1995): 84.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Comberg, David. “Living Surfaces.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;I.D&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;. 43, no. 1 (February 1996): 90–91.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Coupland, Ken. “The 100 Show: The Sixteenth Annual of the American Center for Design.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Graphis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt; &lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;50, no. 294 (December 1, 1994): 22.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Coupland, Ken. “The 100 Show: The Nineteenth Annual of the American Center for Design.”&lt;/span&gt; &lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Graphis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt; 56, no. 328 (September 1, 2000): 12.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Coyne, Patrick. “The ACD Conference on Interactive Media.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Communication Arts&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt; 36, no. 8&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;(February 1, 1995): 135–140.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Daniels, Mary. Graphic Display. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Chicago Tribune&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;, February 9, 1992.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;“Design Student Grant, Miwa Wang, Institute of Design.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Statements&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt; 6, no. 3 (March 1991): 31.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Dewey, Rob. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;The Society of Typographic Arts: A Seventy-five Year History&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;. Edited by Jack Weiss. Chicago:&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;The Society of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Typographic Arts, 2002.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Ehrenberg, Jennifer. “A Cold Eye: Dues and Don’ts.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt; 53, no. 3 (May/June 1999): 16–17.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;“Furthering the Faith: American Center for Design.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;I.D. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;1 (February 1993): 46.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Hanson, Cynthia. “Taking a Wipe at Art.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Chicago Tribune&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;, December 6, 1992.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Heller, Steven. “Katherine McCoy, Educator, Designer, Writer.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt; 52, no. 4 (September 1998):&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;38.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;“Honorary Member Bill Moggridge.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Design Statements&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt; 9, no. 2 (June 1, 1994): 19.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Kouri, Charles. “In a Changing World.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Statements&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt; 6, no. 2 (December 1, 1991): 18.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;“Living Surfaces.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;I.D&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;. 48, no. 5 (August 1, 2001): 78.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Margolin, Victor. “Design History in the United States, 1977–2000.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;The Politics of the Artificial: Essays&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt; &lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;on Design and Design Studies&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2002.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;McMillan, Sam. “Report from ACD: Design for the Internet.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Communication Arts&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt; 38, no. 8&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;(February 1, 1997): 131–136.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Middleton, R. Hunter. “Twenty-five Years of STA History.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Print&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;, March 1953.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Mirapaul, Matthew. “Designing the Invisible Computer.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;New York Times&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;, October 28, 1999.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Parker, Robert A. “Design: A Strategic Partnership with Business.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Communication Arts&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt; 35, no. 1 &lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;(April 1993): 28–32.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Pratt, Steven. “Designer Cookbook Draws Upon Menus with Style.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Chicago Tribune&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;, January 5, 1995.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Society of Typographic Arts Records, Special Collections and University Archives, University of&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Illinois at Chicago.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Spreenberg, Peter. “Designing a Multimedia Publication: American Center for Design &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Interact&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt; &lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Journal.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;CHI '95 Conference Companion on Human Factors in Computing Systems&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt; (May 1995): &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;89–90.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Stangenes, Sharon, “50 Years of Logo-Motion.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Chicago Tribune&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;, May 12, 1991.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Steyer-Coyn, Stephanie. “The ACD Conference: Design for the Internet.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Communication Arts&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt; 37, no.&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;8 (January 1, 1996): 137.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;The Chicago Design Archive. “American Center for Design.”&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;https://chicagodesignarchive.org/client/american-center-design.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;“The New Imagist: Expert without Qualities.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Statements: American Center for Design&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt; 11, no. 2 (1996):&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;8–12.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;“The Two McCoys: Collage and Montage: A Renowned Husband and Wife Team Talk about&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Design and the Elements of Blending.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Chicago Tribune&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;, April 9, 1995.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Tomcik, Andrew. “Graphic Design Triptypch.” &lt;/span&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Azure: Design Architecture &amp;amp; Art&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt; 9, no. 83 (September&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="font-weight:400;"&gt;1, 1992): 16.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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      <name>Society of Typographic Arts</name>
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      <name>Susan Jackson Keig</name>
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    <tag tagId="61">
      <name>Walter Paepcke</name>
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